Normally when you create a repeat meeting (which is any meeting that is structured around a scheduled time) and you invite others to attend one of those meetings, the same people will automatically be invited to every meeting in that repeating series. For example, if you have a meeting that takes place every Monday for three weeks then your invitees are automatically invited to all three meetings. Your invitees will not be able to accept the invite for only one of those three meetings and you will not be able to invite different groups of people for all three meetings.
However, there is a way you can change this by creating a custom "Meeting" template. When you create a custom Meeting template, you will see there is an option to allow each meeting day to have its own attendees. By checking this option, you will be able to create a repeating series of meetings and still have a unique attendee list for each meeting in that series.
To set this up, first, you will need to create your custom Meeting template. Follow the steps in the image below:
Once you have created your custom Meeting template, you will then need to create your repeating series of Meetings in your calendar. Follow the steps in the image below:
Now when you click on the blue "Attendees" link for each meeting, you can invite a different list of attendees.
Learn more about the advanced ways to set up a repeating event.